diff --git a/app/RSpade/Core/Api/Api_Key_Model.php b/app/RSpade/Core/Api/Api_Key_Model.php
index 48c2c6696..2784d2f33 100644
--- a/app/RSpade/Core/Api/Api_Key_Model.php
+++ b/app/RSpade/Core/Api/Api_Key_Model.php
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ use App\RSpade\Core\Models\User_Model;
  */
 /**
  * _AUTO_GENERATED_ Database type hints - do not edit manually
- * Generated on: 2025-12-26 02:43:29
+ * Generated on: 2026-01-29 08:25:50
  * Table: _api_keys
  *
  * @property int $id
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ use App\RSpade\Core\Models\User_Model;
  * @mixin \Eloquent
  */
 class Api_Key_Model extends Rsx_System_Model_Abstract
-    {
+     {
     protected $table = '_api_keys';
 
     public static $enums = [];
diff --git a/app/RSpade/Core/Files/File_Attachment_Model.php b/app/RSpade/Core/Files/File_Attachment_Model.php
index cf9badb12..0227f7e26 100644
--- a/app/RSpade/Core/Files/File_Attachment_Model.php
+++ b/app/RSpade/Core/Files/File_Attachment_Model.php
@@ -30,42 +30,50 @@ use App\RSpade\Core\Files\File_Storage_Model;
  * provides the basic structure for categorizing uploaded files.
  */
 
-
 /**
- * _AUTO_GENERATED_
- * @property integer $id
- * @property string $key
- * @property integer $file_storage_id
- * @property string $file_name
- * @property string $file_extension
- * @property integer $file_type_id
- * @property integer $width
- * @property integer $height
- * @property integer $duration
- * @property boolean $is_animated
- * @property integer $frame_count
- * @property integer $fileable_type
- * @property integer $fileable_id
- * @property string $fileable_category
- * @property string $fileable_type_meta
- * @property integer $fileable_order
+ * _AUTO_GENERATED_ Database type hints - do not edit manually
+ * Generated on: 2026-01-29 08:25:50
+ * Table: _file_attachments
+ *
+ * @property int $id
+ * @property mixed $key
+ * @property int $file_storage_id
+ * @property mixed $file_name
+ * @property mixed $file_extension
+ * @property int $file_type_id
+ * @property int $width
+ * @property int $height
+ * @property int $duration
+ * @property bool $is_animated
+ * @property int $frame_count
+ * @property int $fileable_type
+ * @property int $fileable_id
+ * @property mixed $fileable_category
+ * @property mixed $fileable_type_meta
+ * @property int $fileable_order
  * @property string $fileable_meta
- * @property integer $site_id
- * @property string $session_id
- * @property \Carbon\Carbon $created_at
- * @property \Carbon\Carbon $updated_at
- * @property integer $created_by
- * @property integer $updated_by
- * @method static mixed file_type_id_enum()
- * @method static mixed file_type_id_enum_select()
- * @method static mixed file_type_id_enum_ids()
- * @property-read mixed $file_type_id_constant
- * @property-read mixed $file_type_id_label
+ * @property int $site_id
+ * @property mixed $session_id
+ * @property string $created_at
+ * @property string $updated_at
+ * @property int $created_by
+ * @property int $updated_by
+ *
+ * @property-read string $file_type_id__label
+ * @property-read string $file_type_id__constant
+ *
+ * @method static array file_type_id__enum() Get all enum definitions with full metadata
+ * @method static array file_type_id__enum_select() Get selectable items for dropdowns
+ * @method static array file_type_id__enum_labels() Get simple id => label map
+ * @method static array file_type_id__enum_ids() Get array of all valid enum IDs
+ *
  * @mixin \Eloquent
  */
 class File_Attachment_Model extends Rsx_Site_Model_Abstract
-{
-    /** __AUTO_GENERATED: */
+ {
+    /**
+     * _AUTO_GENERATED_ Enum constants
+     */
     const FILE_TYPE_IMAGE = 1;
     const FILE_TYPE_ANIMATED_IMAGE = 2;
     const FILE_TYPE_VIDEO = 3;
@@ -73,6 +81,9 @@ class File_Attachment_Model extends Rsx_Site_Model_Abstract
     const FILE_TYPE_TEXT = 5;
     const FILE_TYPE_DOCUMENT = 6;
     const FILE_TYPE_OTHER = 7;
+
+    /** __AUTO_GENERATED: */
+
     /** __/AUTO_GENERATED */
 
     /**
diff --git a/app/RSpade/Core/Files/File_Storage_Model.php b/app/RSpade/Core/Files/File_Storage_Model.php
index e29c2654f..ed37b9f25 100644
--- a/app/RSpade/Core/Files/File_Storage_Model.php
+++ b/app/RSpade/Core/Files/File_Storage_Model.php
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ use App\RSpade\Core\Database\Models\Rsx_Model_Abstract;
 
 /**
  * _AUTO_GENERATED_ Database type hints - do not edit manually
- * Generated on: 2025-12-26 02:43:29
+ * Generated on: 2026-01-29 08:25:50
  * Table: _file_storage
  *
  * @property int $id
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ use App\RSpade\Core\Database\Models\Rsx_Model_Abstract;
  * @mixin \Eloquent
  */
 class File_Storage_Model extends Rsx_Model_Abstract
-       {
+        {
     // Required static properties from parent abstract class
     public static $enums = [];
     public static $rel = [];
diff --git a/app/RSpade/Core/Models/Country_Model.php b/app/RSpade/Core/Models/Country_Model.php
index 56186f84f..b11ebef6a 100644
--- a/app/RSpade/Core/Models/Country_Model.php
+++ b/app/RSpade/Core/Models/Country_Model.php
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ use App\RSpade\Core\Models\Region_Model;
  */
 /**
  * _AUTO_GENERATED_ Database type hints - do not edit manually
- * Generated on: 2025-12-26 02:43:29
+ * Generated on: 2026-01-29 08:25:50
  * Table: countries
  *
  * @property int $id
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ use App\RSpade\Core\Models\Region_Model;
  * @mixin \Eloquent
  */
 class Country_Model extends Rsx_Model_Abstract
-       {
+        {
     public static $enums = [];
 
     protected $table = 'countries';
diff --git a/app/RSpade/Core/Models/Ip_Address_Model.php b/app/RSpade/Core/Models/Ip_Address_Model.php
index 673c8de5a..5a6585ad4 100644
--- a/app/RSpade/Core/Models/Ip_Address_Model.php
+++ b/app/RSpade/Core/Models/Ip_Address_Model.php
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ use App\RSpade\Core\Database\Models\Rsx_System_Model_Abstract;
  */
 /**
  * _AUTO_GENERATED_ Database type hints - do not edit manually
- * Generated on: 2025-12-26 02:43:29
+ * Generated on: 2026-01-29 08:25:50
  * Table: ip_addresses
  *
  * @property int $id
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ use App\RSpade\Core\Database\Models\Rsx_System_Model_Abstract;
  * @mixin \Eloquent
  */
 class Ip_Address_Model extends Rsx_System_Model_Abstract
-       {
+        {
     /**
      * Enum field definitions
      * @var array
diff --git a/app/RSpade/Core/Models/Login_User_Model.php b/app/RSpade/Core/Models/Login_User_Model.php
index 86aef6ff4..650179aad 100644
--- a/app/RSpade/Core/Models/Login_User_Model.php
+++ b/app/RSpade/Core/Models/Login_User_Model.php
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ use App\RSpade\Core\Session\Session;
  */
 /**
  * _AUTO_GENERATED_ Database type hints - do not edit manually
- * Generated on: 2025-12-26 02:43:29
+ * Generated on: 2026-01-29 08:25:50
  * Table: login_users
  *
  * @property int $id
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ class Login_User_Model extends Rsx_Model_Abstract implements
     \Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Authenticatable,
     \Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Access\Authorizable,
     \Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\CanResetPassword
-        {
+         {
     /**
      * _AUTO_GENERATED_ Enum constants
      */
diff --git a/app/RSpade/Core/Models/Region_Model.php b/app/RSpade/Core/Models/Region_Model.php
index d46eb5205..cc3cab3f9 100644
--- a/app/RSpade/Core/Models/Region_Model.php
+++ b/app/RSpade/Core/Models/Region_Model.php
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ use App\RSpade\Core\Models\Country_Model;
  */
 /**
  * _AUTO_GENERATED_ Database type hints - do not edit manually
- * Generated on: 2025-12-26 02:43:29
+ * Generated on: 2026-01-29 08:25:50
  * Table: regions
  *
  * @property int $id
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ use App\RSpade\Core\Models\Country_Model;
  * @mixin \Eloquent
  */
 class Region_Model extends Rsx_Model_Abstract
-       {
+        {
     public static $enums = [];
 
     protected $table = 'regions';
diff --git a/app/RSpade/Core/Models/Site_Model.php b/app/RSpade/Core/Models/Site_Model.php
index 04a02bb0c..14a880bd9 100644
--- a/app/RSpade/Core/Models/Site_Model.php
+++ b/app/RSpade/Core/Models/Site_Model.php
@@ -14,12 +14,13 @@ use App\RSpade\Core\Models\User_Model;
  */
 /**
  * _AUTO_GENERATED_ Database type hints - do not edit manually
- * Generated on: 2025-12-26 02:43:29
+ * Generated on: 2026-01-29 08:25:50
  * Table: sites
  *
  * @property int $id
  * @property mixed $slug
  * @property mixed $name
+ * @property mixed $timezone
  * @property bool $is_enabled
  * @property string $deleted_at
  * @property string $created_at
@@ -31,7 +32,7 @@ use App\RSpade\Core\Models\User_Model;
  * @mixin \Eloquent
  */
 class Site_Model extends Rsx_Model_Abstract
-        {
+         {
     use SoftDeletes;
 
     /**
diff --git a/app/RSpade/Core/Models/User_Invite_Model.php b/app/RSpade/Core/Models/User_Invite_Model.php
index 15a3ccdf8..00244711c 100644
--- a/app/RSpade/Core/Models/User_Invite_Model.php
+++ b/app/RSpade/Core/Models/User_Invite_Model.php
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ use App\RSpade\Core\Database\Models\Rsx_Site_Model_Abstract;
  */
 /**
  * _AUTO_GENERATED_ Database type hints - do not edit manually
- * Generated on: 2025-12-26 02:43:29
+ * Generated on: 2026-01-29 08:25:50
  * Table: user_invites
  *
  * @property int $id
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ use App\RSpade\Core\Database\Models\Rsx_Site_Model_Abstract;
  * @mixin \Eloquent
  */
 class User_Invite_Model extends Rsx_Site_Model_Abstract
-        {
+         {
     /**
      * Enum field definitions
      * @var array
diff --git a/app/RSpade/Core/Models/User_Model.php b/app/RSpade/Core/Models/User_Model.php
index 87936c8fe..f1522431b 100644
--- a/app/RSpade/Core/Models/User_Model.php
+++ b/app/RSpade/Core/Models/User_Model.php
@@ -23,41 +23,46 @@ use App\RSpade\Core\Models\User_Profile_Model;
  * See: php artisan rsx:man acls
  */
 
-
 /**
- * _AUTO_GENERATED_
- * @property integer $id
- * @property integer $login_user_id
- * @property integer $site_id
- * @property string $first_name
- * @property string $last_name
- * @property string $phone
- * @property integer $role_id
- * @property boolean $is_enabled
- * @property integer $user_role_id
- * @property string $email
- * @property \Carbon\Carbon $deleted_at
- * @property \Carbon\Carbon $created_at
- * @property \Carbon\Carbon $updated_at
- * @property integer $created_by
- * @property integer $updated_by
- * @property integer $deleted_by
- * @property string $invite_code
- * @property \Carbon\Carbon $invite_accepted_at
- * @property \Carbon\Carbon $invite_expires_at
- * @method static mixed role_id_enum()
- * @method static mixed role_id_enum_select()
- * @method static mixed role_id_enum_ids()
- * @property-read mixed $role_id_constant
- * @property-read mixed $role_id_label
- * @property-read mixed $role_id_permissions
- * @property-read mixed $role_id_can_admin_roles
- * @property-read mixed $role_id_selectable
+ * _AUTO_GENERATED_ Database type hints - do not edit manually
+ * Generated on: 2026-01-29 08:25:50
+ * Table: users
+ *
+ * @property int $id
+ * @property int $login_user_id
+ * @property int $site_id
+ * @property mixed $first_name
+ * @property mixed $last_name
+ * @property mixed $phone
+ * @property int $role_id
+ * @property bool $is_enabled
+ * @property int $user_role_id
+ * @property mixed $email
+ * @property string $deleted_at
+ * @property string $created_at
+ * @property string $updated_at
+ * @property int $created_by
+ * @property int $updated_by
+ * @property int $deleted_by
+ * @property mixed $invite_code
+ * @property string $invite_accepted_at
+ * @property string $invite_expires_at
+ *
+ * @property-read string $role_id__label
+ * @property-read string $role_id__constant
+ *
+ * @method static array role_id__enum() Get all enum definitions with full metadata
+ * @method static array role_id__enum_select() Get selectable items for dropdowns
+ * @method static array role_id__enum_labels() Get simple id => label map
+ * @method static array role_id__enum_ids() Get array of all valid enum IDs
+ *
  * @mixin \Eloquent
  */
 class User_Model extends Rsx_Site_Model_Abstract
-{
-    /** __AUTO_GENERATED: */
+ {
+    /**
+     * _AUTO_GENERATED_ Enum constants
+     */
     const ROLE_DEVELOPER = 100;
     const ROLE_ROOT_ADMIN = 200;
     const ROLE_SITE_OWNER = 300;
@@ -66,6 +71,9 @@ class User_Model extends Rsx_Site_Model_Abstract
     const ROLE_USER = 600;
     const ROLE_VIEWER = 700;
     const ROLE_DISABLED = 800;
+
+    /** __AUTO_GENERATED: */
+
     /** __/AUTO_GENERATED */
 
     // =========================================================================
diff --git a/app/RSpade/Core/Models/User_Permission_Model.php b/app/RSpade/Core/Models/User_Permission_Model.php
index 73fee230b..fc8c21542 100644
--- a/app/RSpade/Core/Models/User_Permission_Model.php
+++ b/app/RSpade/Core/Models/User_Permission_Model.php
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ use App\RSpade\Core\Models\User_Model;
 
 /**
  * _AUTO_GENERATED_ Database type hints - do not edit manually
- * Generated on: 2025-12-26 02:43:29
+ * Generated on: 2026-01-29 08:25:50
  * Table: user_permissions
  *
  * @property int $id
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ use App\RSpade\Core\Models\User_Model;
  * @mixin \Eloquent
  */
 class User_Permission_Model extends Rsx_Model_Abstract
-    {
+     {
     protected $table = 'user_permissions';
     protected $fillable = []; // No mass assignment - always explicit
 
diff --git a/app/RSpade/Core/Models/User_Profile_Model.php b/app/RSpade/Core/Models/User_Profile_Model.php
index c582b16c1..03aa638aa 100644
--- a/app/RSpade/Core/Models/User_Profile_Model.php
+++ b/app/RSpade/Core/Models/User_Profile_Model.php
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ use App\RSpade\Core\Models\User_Model;
  */
 /**
  * _AUTO_GENERATED_ Database type hints - do not edit manually
- * Generated on: 2025-12-26 02:43:29
+ * Generated on: 2026-01-29 08:25:50
  * Table: user_profiles
  *
  * @property int $id
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ use App\RSpade\Core\Models\User_Model;
  * @mixin \Eloquent
  */
 class User_Profile_Model extends Rsx_Model_Abstract
-       {
+        {
     /**
      * The table associated with the model
      *
diff --git a/app/RSpade/Core/Models/User_Verification_Model.php b/app/RSpade/Core/Models/User_Verification_Model.php
index bdad29a8e..fd56473a0 100644
--- a/app/RSpade/Core/Models/User_Verification_Model.php
+++ b/app/RSpade/Core/Models/User_Verification_Model.php
@@ -11,33 +11,44 @@ use App\RSpade\Core\Database\Models\Rsx_Model_Abstract;
  * and two-factor authentication via email or SMS.
  */
 
-
 /**
- * _AUTO_GENERATED_
- * @property integer $id
- * @property string $email
- * @property string $verification_code
- * @property integer $verification_type_id
- * @property \Carbon\Carbon $verified_at
- * @property \Carbon\Carbon $expires_at
- * @property \Carbon\Carbon $created_at
- * @property \Carbon\Carbon $updated_at
- * @property integer $created_by
- * @property integer $updated_by
- * @method static mixed verification_type_id_enum()
- * @method static mixed verification_type_id_enum_select()
- * @method static mixed verification_type_id_enum_ids()
- * @property-read mixed $verification_type_id_constant
- * @property-read mixed $verification_type_id_label
+ * _AUTO_GENERATED_ Database type hints - do not edit manually
+ * Generated on: 2026-01-29 08:25:50
+ * Table: user_verifications
+ *
+ * @property int $id
+ * @property mixed $email
+ * @property mixed $verification_code
+ * @property int $verification_type_id
+ * @property string $verified_at
+ * @property string $expires_at
+ * @property string $created_at
+ * @property string $updated_at
+ * @property int $created_by
+ * @property int $updated_by
+ *
+ * @property-read string $verification_type_id__label
+ * @property-read string $verification_type_id__constant
+ *
+ * @method static array verification_type_id__enum() Get all enum definitions with full metadata
+ * @method static array verification_type_id__enum_select() Get selectable items for dropdowns
+ * @method static array verification_type_id__enum_labels() Get simple id => label map
+ * @method static array verification_type_id__enum_ids() Get array of all valid enum IDs
+ *
  * @mixin \Eloquent
  */
 class User_Verification_Model extends Rsx_Model_Abstract
-{
-    /** __AUTO_GENERATED: */
+ {
+    /**
+     * _AUTO_GENERATED_ Enum constants
+     */
     const VERIFICATION_TYPE_EMAIL = 1;
     const VERIFICATION_TYPE_SMS = 2;
     const VERIFICATION_TYPE_EMAIL_RECOVERY = 3;
     const VERIFICATION_TYPE_SMS_RECOVERY = 4;
+
+    /** __AUTO_GENERATED: */
+
     /** __/AUTO_GENERATED */
 
     /**
diff --git a/app/RSpade/Core/Search/Search_Index_Model.php b/app/RSpade/Core/Search/Search_Index_Model.php
index 1027b99a8..54c10819e 100644
--- a/app/RSpade/Core/Search/Search_Index_Model.php
+++ b/app/RSpade/Core/Search/Search_Index_Model.php
@@ -17,11 +17,11 @@ use App\RSpade\Core\Database\Models\Rsx_Site_Model_Abstract;
 
 /**
  * _AUTO_GENERATED_ Database type hints - do not edit manually
- * Generated on: 2025-12-26 02:43:29
+ * Generated on: 2026-01-29 08:25:50
  * Table: _search_indexes
  *
  * @property int $id
- * @property mixed $indexable_type
+ * @property int $indexable_type
  * @property int $indexable_id
  * @property string $content
  * @property array $metadata
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ use App\RSpade\Core\Database\Models\Rsx_Site_Model_Abstract;
  * @mixin \Eloquent
  */
 class Search_Index_Model extends Rsx_Site_Model_Abstract
-       {
+        {
     // Required static properties from parent abstract class
     public static $enums = [];
     public static $rel = [];
diff --git a/app/RSpade/Core/Session/Session.php b/app/RSpade/Core/Session/Session.php
index a8f224096..4b69b6ef7 100644
--- a/app/RSpade/Core/Session/Session.php
+++ b/app/RSpade/Core/Session/Session.php
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ use App\RSpade\Core\Session\User_Agent;
  */
 /**
  * _AUTO_GENERATED_ Database type hints - do not edit manually
- * Generated on: 2025-12-26 02:43:29
+ * Generated on: 2026-01-29 08:25:50
  * Table: _sessions
  *
  * @property int $id
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ use App\RSpade\Core\Session\User_Agent;
  * @mixin \Eloquent
  */
 class Session extends Rsx_System_Model_Abstract
-       {
+        {
     // Enum definitions (required by abstract parent)
     public static $enums = [];
 
diff --git a/app/RSpade/Core/Throttle/Rsx_Throttle.php b/app/RSpade/Core/Throttle/Rsx_Throttle.php
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c1437b93e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/RSpade/Core/Throttle/Rsx_Throttle.php
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\RSpade\Core\Throttle;
+
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
+use App\RSpade\Core\Session\Session;
+
+/**
+ * Rsx_Throttle - Rate limiting utility for periodic per-user actions
+ *
+ * Provides atomic check-and-execute functionality for throttling operations.
+ * Database implementation is hidden - API exposes only check().
+ *
+ * Use cases:
+ * - Periodic maintenance tasks (notification expiry, cache refresh)
+ * - Rate-limited background calculations
+ * - Any operation that should run at most once per interval per user
+ *
+ * @example
+ * if (Rsx_Throttle::check('NOTIFICATION_EXPIRE_CHECK', $user_id, minutes: 30)) {
+ *     Notification::expire_old();
+ * }
+ */
+class Rsx_Throttle
+{
+    /**
+     * Check if action should run and atomically mark as executed
+     *
+     * First-time calls return true and create record.
+     * Subsequent calls return true only after interval has passed.
+     *
+     * @param string $action_key Unique action identifier (use SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE)
+     * @param int $user_id Login user ID (authentication identity)
+     * @param int $minutes Throttle interval in minutes (default 30)
+     * @return bool True if action should execute now, false if throttled
+     */
+    public static function check(string $action_key, int $user_id, int $minutes = 30): bool
+    {
+        $site_id = Session::get_site_id();
+        $threshold = now()->subMinutes($minutes);
+
+        // TODO: Future optimization - use row-level locking with SELECT ... FOR UPDATE
+        // instead of table lock for better concurrency per user/site
+
+        // Atomic check-and-update using table lock
+        DB::statement('LOCK TABLES _throttle WRITE');
+
+        try {
+            $record = DB::table('_throttle')
+                ->where('site_id', $site_id)
+                ->where('user_id', $user_id)
+                ->where('action_key', $action_key)
+                ->first();
+
+            if (!$record) {
+                // First time - create record and return true
+                DB::table('_throttle')->insert([
+                    'site_id' => $site_id,
+                    'user_id' => $user_id,
+                    'action_key' => $action_key,
+                    'last_executed_at' => now(),
+                    'created_at' => now(),
+                    'updated_at' => now(),
+                ]);
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            if ($record->last_executed_at < $threshold) {
+                // Interval passed - update and return true
+                DB::table('_throttle')
+                    ->where('id', $record->id)
+                    ->update([
+                        'last_executed_at' => now(),
+                        'updated_at' => now(),
+                    ]);
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            // Still within throttle interval
+            return false;
+
+        } finally {
+            DB::statement('UNLOCK TABLES');
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Force reset throttle for an action
+     *
+     * Useful for testing or forcing immediate re-execution.
+     *
+     * @param string $action_key Action identifier to reset
+     * @param int $user_id Login user ID
+     */
+    public static function reset(string $action_key, int $user_id): void
+    {
+        $site_id = Session::get_site_id();
+
+        DB::table('_throttle')
+            ->where('site_id', $site_id)
+            ->where('user_id', $user_id)
+            ->where('action_key', $action_key)
+            ->delete();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/RSpade/Lib/Flash/Flash_Alert_Model.php b/app/RSpade/Lib/Flash/Flash_Alert_Model.php
index e6361dada..725df11e9 100644
--- a/app/RSpade/Lib/Flash/Flash_Alert_Model.php
+++ b/app/RSpade/Lib/Flash/Flash_Alert_Model.php
@@ -5,29 +5,41 @@ namespace App\RSpade\Lib\Flash;
 use App\RSpade\Core\Database\Models\Rsx_Model_Abstract;
 
 /**
- * _AUTO_GENERATED_
- * @property integer $id
- * @property integer $session_id
- * @property integer $type_id
+ * _AUTO_GENERATED_ Database type hints - do not edit manually
+ * Generated on: 2026-01-29 08:25:50
+ * Table: _flash_alerts
+ *
+ * @property int $id
+ * @property int $session_id
+ * @property int $type_id
  * @property string $message
- * @property \Carbon\Carbon $created_at
- * @property integer $created_by
- * @property integer $updated_by
- * @property \Carbon\Carbon $updated_at
- * @method static mixed type_id_enum()
- * @method static mixed type_id_enum_select()
- * @method static mixed type_id_enum_ids()
- * @property-read mixed $type_id_constant
- * @property-read mixed $type_id_label
+ * @property string $created_at
+ * @property int $created_by
+ * @property int $updated_by
+ * @property string $updated_at
+ *
+ * @property-read string $type_id__label
+ * @property-read string $type_id__constant
+ *
+ * @method static array type_id__enum() Get all enum definitions with full metadata
+ * @method static array type_id__enum_select() Get selectable items for dropdowns
+ * @method static array type_id__enum_labels() Get simple id => label map
+ * @method static array type_id__enum_ids() Get array of all valid enum IDs
+ *
  * @mixin \Eloquent
  */
 class Flash_Alert_Model extends Rsx_Model_Abstract
-{
-    /** __AUTO_GENERATED: */
+ {
+    /**
+     * _AUTO_GENERATED_ Enum constants
+     */
     const TYPE_SUCCESS = 1;
     const TYPE_ERROR = 2;
     const TYPE_INFO = 3;
     const TYPE_WARNING = 4;
+
+    /** __AUTO_GENERATED: */
+
     /** __/AUTO_GENERATED */
 
     // Enum constants (auto-generated by rsx:migrate:document_models)
diff --git a/database/migrations/.migration_whitelist b/database/migrations/.migration_whitelist
index 2e8392a48..00a49762a 100755
--- a/database/migrations/.migration_whitelist
+++ b/database/migrations/.migration_whitelist
@@ -381,6 +381,21 @@
             "created_at": "2026-01-12T07:36:24+00:00",
             "created_by": "root",
             "command": "php artisan make:migration:safe add_timezone_to_sites_table"
+        },
+        "2026_01_29_070242_create_action_logs_tables.php": {
+            "created_at": "2026-01-29T07:02:42+00:00",
+            "created_by": "root",
+            "command": "php artisan make:migration:safe create_action_logs_tables"
+        },
+        "2026_01_29_081808_create_throttle_table.php": {
+            "created_at": "2026-01-29T08:18:08+00:00",
+            "created_by": "root",
+            "command": "php artisan make:migration:safe create_throttle_table"
+        },
+        "2026_01_29_081902_create_notifications_table.php": {
+            "created_at": "2026-01-29T08:19:02+00:00",
+            "created_by": "root",
+            "command": "php artisan make:migration:safe create_notifications_table"
         }
     }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/database/migrations/2026_01_29_070242_create_action_logs_tables.php b/database/migrations/2026_01_29_070242_create_action_logs_tables.php
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..868eae5df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/database/migrations/2026_01_29_070242_create_action_logs_tables.php
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
+
+return new class extends Migration
+{
+    /**
+     * Run the migrations.
+     * 
+     * IMPORTANT: Use raw MySQL queries for clarity and auditability
+     * ✅ DB::statement() with raw SQL
+     * ❌ Schema::create() with Blueprint
+     * 
+     * REQUIRED: ALL tables MUST have: id BIGINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY
+     * No exceptions - every table needs this exact ID column (SIGNED for easier migrations)
+     * 
+     * Integer types: Use BIGINT for all integers, TINYINT(1) for booleans only
+     * Never use unsigned - all integers should be signed
+     * 
+     * Migrations must be self-contained - no Model/Service references
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function up()
+    {
+        // Main action log table
+        DB::statement("
+            CREATE TABLE action_logs (
+                id BIGINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
+                site_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+                type_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+                actor_type BIGINT NULL,
+                actor_id BIGINT NULL,
+                subject_type BIGINT NOT NULL,
+                subject_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+                metadata JSON NULL,
+                created_by BIGINT NULL,
+                created_at TIMESTAMP(3) NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP(3),
+                updated_at TIMESTAMP(3) NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP(3) ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP(3),
+                updated_by BIGINT NULL,
+
+                INDEX idx_action_logs_site_id (site_id),
+                INDEX idx_action_logs_type_id (type_id),
+                INDEX idx_action_logs_actor (actor_type, actor_id),
+                INDEX idx_action_logs_subject (subject_type, subject_id),
+                INDEX idx_action_logs_created_at (created_at)
+            ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
+        ");
+
+        // Related entities table (one-to-many from action_logs)
+        DB::statement("
+            CREATE TABLE action_log_related (
+                id BIGINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
+                action_log_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+                role_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+                related_type BIGINT NOT NULL,
+                related_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+
+                INDEX idx_alr_action_log_id (action_log_id),
+                INDEX idx_alr_related (related_type, related_id),
+                FOREIGN KEY (action_log_id) REFERENCES action_logs(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
+            ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
+        ");
+    }
+};
diff --git a/database/migrations/2026_01_29_081808_create_throttle_table.php b/database/migrations/2026_01_29_081808_create_throttle_table.php
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5d6499189
--- /dev/null
+++ b/database/migrations/2026_01_29_081808_create_throttle_table.php
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
+
+return new class extends Migration
+{
+    /**
+     * Run the migrations.
+     * 
+     * IMPORTANT: Use raw MySQL queries for clarity and auditability
+     * ✅ DB::statement() with raw SQL
+     * ❌ Schema::create() with Blueprint
+     * 
+     * REQUIRED: ALL tables MUST have: id BIGINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY
+     * No exceptions - every table needs this exact ID column (SIGNED for easier migrations)
+     * 
+     * Integer types: Use BIGINT for all integers, TINYINT(1) for booleans only
+     * Never use unsigned - all integers should be signed
+     * 
+     * Migrations must be self-contained - no Model/Service references
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function up()
+    {
+        DB::statement("
+            CREATE TABLE _throttle (
+                id BIGINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
+                site_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+                user_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+                action_key VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
+                last_executed_at TIMESTAMP(3) NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP(3),
+                created_at TIMESTAMP(3) NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP(3),
+                updated_at TIMESTAMP(3) NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP(3) ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP(3),
+
+                UNIQUE KEY uk_throttle_site_user_action (site_id, user_id, action_key),
+                INDEX idx_throttle_last_executed (last_executed_at)
+            ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
+        ");
+    }
+};
diff --git a/database/migrations/2026_01_29_081902_create_notifications_table.php b/database/migrations/2026_01_29_081902_create_notifications_table.php
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..cd12395d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/database/migrations/2026_01_29_081902_create_notifications_table.php
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
+
+return new class extends Migration
+{
+    /**
+     * Run the migrations.
+     * 
+     * IMPORTANT: Use raw MySQL queries for clarity and auditability
+     * ✅ DB::statement() with raw SQL
+     * ❌ Schema::create() with Blueprint
+     * 
+     * REQUIRED: ALL tables MUST have: id BIGINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY
+     * No exceptions - every table needs this exact ID column (SIGNED for easier migrations)
+     * 
+     * Integer types: Use BIGINT for all integers, TINYINT(1) for booleans only
+     * Never use unsigned - all integers should be signed
+     * 
+     * Migrations must be self-contained - no Model/Service references
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function up()
+    {
+        DB::statement("
+            CREATE TABLE notifications (
+                id BIGINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
+                site_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+                user_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+                type_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
+                entity_type BIGINT NULL,
+                entity_id BIGINT NULL,
+                metadata JSON NULL,
+                read_at TIMESTAMP(3) NULL,
+                expires_at TIMESTAMP(3) NOT NULL,
+                created_by BIGINT NULL,
+                created_at TIMESTAMP(3) NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP(3),
+                updated_at TIMESTAMP(3) NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP(3) ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP(3),
+                updated_by BIGINT NULL,
+
+                INDEX idx_notifications_site_user (site_id, user_id),
+                INDEX idx_notifications_user_unread (site_id, user_id, read_at),
+                INDEX idx_notifications_entity (entity_type, entity_id),
+                INDEX idx_notifications_expires (expires_at),
+                INDEX idx_notifications_type (type_id),
+                INDEX idx_notifications_created (created_at)
+            ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
+        ");
+    }
+};